An Assessment of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five in Kano State
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Background of the Study
Malnutrition remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly among children under five. It contributes to high rates of morbidity and mortality, impairs cognitive development, and affects overall child growth. In Kano State, factors such as food insecurity, poverty, inadequate maternal nutrition, and poor feeding practices contribute to the persistence of malnutrition (Okeke & Hassan, 2024).
According to recent reports, northern Nigeria has some of the highest rates of child malnutrition, with conditions such as stunting, wasting, and underweight being prevalent. Efforts have been made to combat malnutrition through government policies and international interventions, yet many children continue to suffer from nutrient deficiencies. Understanding the prevalence, causes, and potential solutions for malnutrition in Kano State is critical for informing effective health policies.
Statement of the Problem
Despite various intervention programs, malnutrition among children under five remains a pressing issue in Kano State. Limited access to nutritious food, poor maternal education on infant feeding, and inadequate healthcare services exacerbate the problem. Without targeted interventions, the long-term effects of malnutrition can hinder human capital development. This study seeks to assess the extent of malnutrition among children under five in Kano State, identifying its key causes and possible solutions.
Objectives of the Study
1. To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among children under five in Kano State.
2. To examine the socio-economic and environmental factors contributing to child malnutrition.
3. To evaluate the effectiveness of existing malnutrition intervention programs in Kano State.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of malnutrition among children under five in Kano State?
2. What are the major contributing factors to child malnutrition in Kano State?
3. How effective are current intervention programs in reducing malnutrition rates?
Research Hypotheses
1. Malnutrition prevalence among children under five in Kano State is significantly high.
2. Socio-economic and environmental factors contribute significantly to malnutrition among children.
3. Existing intervention programs have a limited impact on reducing child malnutrition rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on children under five in selected rural and urban areas of Kano State. Limitations may include difficulties in obtaining accurate nutritional data and reliance on self-reported feeding practices by mothers.
Definitions of Terms
• Malnutrition: A condition resulting from insufficient or imbalanced nutrient intake.
• Stunting: Low height-for-age, indicating chronic malnutrition.
• Wasting: Low weight-for-height, suggesting acute malnutrition.
• Underweight: Low weight-for-age, reflecting both chronic and acute malnutrition.
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